What makes someone a Christian? What does it mean to be "saved?" This subject is at the heart of Christian faith and theology, but many believers still wrestle with questions like these. So what did Jesus Himself say on the subject?
What Jesus Actually Said About Being Saved
In the Sermon on the Mount, Jesus said that not everyone who says to Him, "Lord, Lord," will enter the kingdom of heaven, but only those who do the will of the Father (see Matthew 7:21-23). It's important to remember that in Matthew's Gospel, the Sermon on the Mount was the first time that Jesus taught those who had begun to follow Him. In that sense, the Sermon can be considered to be the foundation of Christian faith and practice. So when Jesus says that not everyone who calls Him "Lord" will enter God's kingdom, He's telling His new disciples that following Him means more than just giving Him lip service.
But He does not just leave His disciples there. In that same verse, Jesus says that the standard is obedience: "the one who does the will of My Father who is in heaven will enter." Earlier in chapter 7, Jesus says that people are known by the fruit that they bear. Good trees bear good fruit, and bad trees bear bad fruit (or no fruit; see John 15:1-2). He makes those statements in the context of His warning to beware of false prophets. Today, He might say that it is easy to "talk the talk," but true followers need to "walk the walk." There is a big difference between saying that Jesus is Lord and living as though He is Lord.
Miracles Don't Necessarily Equate to Salvation
In the same passage, Jesus says that people may point to mighty works as a sign of their salvation (see Matthew 7:22-23). But He warns that doing things "in His name" is not a sure sign of salvation. He explains that many will say they have prophesied, cast out demons, or performed miracles in His name; however, He will declare that He never knew them.
We are prone to assess spirituality based on what we see. Big churches are successful; people with dynamic testimonies are powerful. But Jesus says that those who prophesy, cast out demons, or do miracles are not necessarily part of God's kingdom. How can we reconcile that with Jesus' statement that people are known by the fruit they bear?
Disciples Bear Fruit
When Jesus talks about "fruit," He means something other than human activity. In John 15, He elaborates on bearing fruit: "Just as the branch cannot bear fruit of itself but must remain in the vine, so neither can you unless you remain in Me. I am the vine, you are the branches; the one who remains in Me, and I in him bears much fruit, for apart from Me you can do nothing" (John 15:4-5).
Jesus' statement can be interpreted "from both directions." Disciples bear fruit, and those who bear fruit are disciples. Those who say that they are disciples but don't bear fruit are not truly remaining in Jesus – and those who don't remain in Jesus will be pruned from the vine and tossed into the fire (see John 15:6).
So what kind of fruit is Jesus talking about? If it's not the visible demonstrations that people tend to associate with spiritual power, what is it? First, it must be common to all believers. Second, spiritual fruit apparently differs from spiritual gifts. After all, Paul said that the Spirit gives gifts as He sees fit, and that not everyone receives the same spiritual gifts (see 1 Corinthians 12:4-11). While it seems clear that all Christians receive some spiritual gift, no single gift verifies someone's spiritual status.
Being Saved Means More Than Just Saying "I'm a Christian"
"But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, self-control; against such things there is no law. Now those who belong to Christ Jesus crucified the flesh with its passions and desires" (Galatians 5:22-24). This is the fruit that Jesus says that believers bear if they remain in Him. The presence of this spiritual fruit is a sure-fire sign that we remain in Jesus, and He remains in us, because we cannot produce this kind of fruit on our own. Apart from the transforming power of the Holy Spirit at work in us, we cannot truly love others; our motives are always tinged with self-interest. Anyone can easily assess whether they remain in Christ and He remains in them by comparing themselves to Paul's lists in Galatians 5 – the acts of the sinful nature and the fruit of the Spirit.
Christians Walk in the Light
In 1 John, the apostle contrasts those who are children of God and those who are not. He begins by giving his flock a simple guideline: those who walk in the darkness do not practice the truth, but those who walk in the light have fellowship with one another, "and the blood of Jesus His Son cleanses us from all sin" (1 John 1:6-7). John goes on to identify other ways to know that we belong to Jesus:
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If we know Him, we keep His commandments (1 John 2:3)
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If we remain in Him, we walk as Jesus walked (1 John 2:6)
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If we remain in the Light, we love our brothers and sisters, but those who hate their brothers and sisters are in the darkness (1 John 2:9-10)
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Everyone who practices righteousness has been born of Him (1 John 2:29)
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Those who sin continually do not know Him (1 John 3:7)
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Everyone who has been born of God loves God and knows God (1 John 4:7)
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We know that we remain in Him and He in us because He has given us His Spirit (1 John 4:13)
John's teaching in his first epistle echoes what Jesus said to His disciples in John's Gospel. Jesus has given us His Spirit. The Spirit leads us in the truth. Jesus calls us to love each other as He has loved us. Finally, He says that if we love Him, we will obey Him (John 14:15).
So, How Do We Know That We Are Saved?
Jesus told His disciples that anyone who wants to follow Him must deny themselves, take up their cross and follow Him (Matthew 16:24). To deny oneself and take up one's cross means to acknowledge God's sovereignty. In Galatians 2:20, Paul says that he has been crucified with Christ and that, therefore, he no longer lives, but Christ lives in him. Salvation, therefore, requires more than a one-time prayer of confession; it begins with our submission and surrender to Christ.
That surrender begins the journey of discipleship, but the journey does not end there. As Jesus takes us further along the way, He reveals areas for growth and continued surrender. After all, when He calls us to "remain" in Him, that calls for a response on our part – to consciously and continually surrender to His Lordship. It is not enough to call Him "Lord"; we must also demonstrate that He is Lord by our obedience.
But the good news is that His Spirit empowers us to remain in Him. "For I am convinced that neither death, nor life, nor angels, nor principalities, nor things present, nor things to come, nor powers, nor height, nor depth, nor any other created thing will be able to separate us from the love of God that is in Christ Jesus our Lord" (Romans 8:38-39). As long as we "remain in Him," He will remain in us! "Being confident of this, that he who began a good work in you will carry it on to completion until the day of Christ Jesus" (Philippians 1:6).
