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A certain image comes to mind amongst Christian circles when the term “prosperity Gospel” is uttered. Also known as the “Word of Faith Movement,” although the prosperity Gospel is often criticized by evangelicals and satirized in secular and religious circles, three of the most well-known names in American preaching are associated with the prosperity Gospel: Joel Osteen, Benny Hinn, and Kenneth Copeland. So, what exactly is the so-called prosperity Gospel? Lifeway Research defines it as a “theological movement that teaches God wants to make followers materially wealthy and will do so if individuals hold certain beliefs or perform specific actions.” This often involves making (often costly) donations to certain churches or purchasing items such as prayer cloths.

According to Lifeway Research, however, pastors and congregants have very different opinions on the merit of the prosperity Gospel. According to the study, which surveyed 1,003 Protestant pastors from Aug. 8 – Sept. 3, 2024, only 8 percent agree that individuals must do certain things in order to received material blessings from God. Ninety percent disagreed with such a concept, with 74 percent strongly disagreeing. Those beliefs also extend to what is taught within the church, with only 18 percent stating their church teaches that giving more to charity and church will increase an individual’s blessings. Thirty-seven percent also agreed with the idea that God wants people to financially prosper.

The study was at odds, however, with a 2022 study on the views of congregants regarding the prosperity Gospel. According to that study, 45 percent of congregants believed they must do something in order to receive material blessings from God. And, despite what pastors reported in the new study, 58 percent of congregants believed their church was teaching that giving more in tithes and charity would lead to more blessings. Seventy-six percent also believed that God wants to prosper them financially. Executive Director of Lifeway Research stated the disparity showed that pastors weren’t sharing their beliefs effectively to their flocks. “The large differences we see between pastor and churchgoer beliefs related to the prosperity gospel means pastors are often not the source of these beliefs among Protestants. But the gap likely also means pastors are not teaching the reasons for their own convictions on the subject.” McConnell said the broad appeal of the prosperity Gospel comes from giving Americans something they can control. “Americans like orderly, explainable things they can control. It isn’t surprising pastors describing such blessings and prosperity are having broad appeal, though it sounds dangerously close to God existing for people rather than people existing at God’s pleasure.”

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