{"id":2546,"date":"2007-08-22T00:30:05","date_gmt":"2007-08-22T00:30:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.beliefnet.com\/jesuscreed\/2007\/08\/knowing-the-currents-2.html"},"modified":"2007-08-22T00:30:05","modified_gmt":"2007-08-22T00:30:05","slug":"knowing-the-currents-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.beliefnet.com\/columnists\/jesuscreed\/2007\/08\/knowing-the-currents-2.html","title":{"rendered":"Knowing the Currents 2"},"content":{"rendered":"

Today we look at Gospel Criticism, the methods used in studies of the Gospel from the beginning of the 20th Century until the hey-day of redaction criticism in the 70s and 80s.
\nHere are the basic streams that flowed into this current:
\nSource <\/em>criticism: the analysis and comparison of the synoptic Gospels by using a Synopsis so that one could discover the sources behind our Gospels. The basic theories are what I call the Oxford hypothesis and then also the Griesbach hypothesis.
\nOxford: Mark and Q (stuff only in Matthew and Luke but not in Mark) were used by Matthew and Luke. Matthew also used a source called “M” (stuff only in Matthew) and Luke used “L” (stuff only in Luke).
\nGriesbach: Matthew was first, Luke used Matthew and edited it; then Mark came along and condensed the two into Mark.
\nForm <\/em>criticism: the analysis of the “forms” now found in the Gospels and the inference and speculation of how those forms were used prior to the Gospels and how they were shaped by the early churches (called “Gemeindetheologie”, or “community theology”). Here are some basic forms: parables, miracles, pronouncement stories (brief setting that ends with Jesus making a profound statement), etc..
\nRedaction <\/em>criticism: the analysis of the Gospels with a view to isolating the particular editing made by the Evangelist (Mark, Q, Matthew, Luke, John), what his theology looked like, and how that fit into his community.
\nTradition <\/em>criticism: the analysis of particular episodes in the Gospels (called “pericopae”) to see how they can be layered into what will lead us back to the historical Jesus. This developed into the criteria of authenticity mentioned last week in our Historical Jesus studies.
\nNow a few sources:
\nThe Dictionary of Jesus and the Gospels<\/em> has a good discussion of each of these.
\nDictionary<\/a>\"\"
\nScot McKnight, Interpreting the Synoptic Gospels<\/em>.
\nInterpreting the Synoptic Gospels<\/a>\"\"
\nE.P. Sanders and Margaret Davies Studying the Synoptic Gospels<\/em>.
\nSanders-Davies<\/a>\"\"<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Today we look at Gospel Criticism, the methods used in studies of the Gospel from the beginning of the 20th Century until the hey-day of redaction criticism in the 70s and 80s.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":298,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44,16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2546","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biblical-studies","category-miscellaneous"],"yoast_head":"\nKnowing the Currents 2 - Jesus Creed<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.beliefnet.com\/columnists\/jesuscreed\/2007\/08\/knowing-the-currents-2.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Knowing the Currents 2 - 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