{"id":1748,"date":"2017-10-09T20:07:12","date_gmt":"2017-10-10T00:07:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.beliefnet.com\/columnists\/attheintersectionoffaithandculture\/?p=1748"},"modified":"2017-10-09T20:07:12","modified_gmt":"2017-10-10T00:07:12","slug":"columbus-west-myth-noble-savage","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.beliefnet.com\/columnists\/attheintersectionoffaithandculture\/2017\/10\/columbus-west-myth-noble-savage.html","title":{"rendered":"Columbus, the West, and the Myth of the Noble Savage"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Well, it\u2019s Christopher Columbus Day again.<\/p>\n<p>And this, of course, means that it is but another occasion for leftists everywhere to repudiate their own civilization.<\/p>\n<p>For a few decades now, the 15<sup>th<\/sup> century European explorer\u2019s face has been held up as that of Western civilization, i.e. the face of all that is evil in the world.\u00a0 Columbus is <em>the <\/em>proverbial poster child for the White, Christian, Heterosexual Male, i.e. the contemporary left\u2019s version of Public Enemy Number One.<\/p>\n<p>Columbus Day assumes a new significance this year, however, for monuments to Columbus are no longer alone in being targeted for destruction by leftist agitators.\u00a0 They are now in the company of monuments to Robert E. Lee, George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln, and, yes, even legendary Philadelphia mayor and Police Commissioner, Frank Rizzo.<\/p>\n<p>It is now clear that the campaign against monuments to Columbus has always has been and remains a campaign designed to subvert the Western world\u2019s historic identity as a predominantly European (white) and Christian civilization.<\/p>\n<p>The leftist historian Eric Foner recently remarked that there is a conflict over monuments because the latter signify \u201cpower.\u201d There is some truth in this\u2014but only some truth. If the monuments signify power, this is only because there is power, self-empowerment, in knowing oneself:<\/p>\n<p>Essentially, monuments are expressions of <em>identity. <\/em><\/p>\n<p>In attacking monuments to historically famous white men, the vandals strike blows against, not this or that aspect of the Western world, and certainly not this or that person.\u00a0 They attack, and mean to attack, the very <em>being<\/em> of the West.<\/p>\n<p>The enemies of Columbus convict the West with having introduced violence to the New World, a \u201cNative American\u201d idyll in which indigenous peoples lived in total harmony with one another and nature.<\/p>\n<p>This, though, is a Big Lie.<\/p>\n<p>For starters, those who were long recognized as American Indians constituted anything but a monolith but, rather, many tribes or nations.<\/p>\n<p>Secondly, American Indians comprised numerous tribes or nations that were continuously at war with one another.<\/p>\n<p>Thirdly, these wars were distinctively bloody and savage.<\/p>\n<p>The Myth of the Noble Savage, a uniquely European fiction that Columbus himself initially endorsed, has long exposed as just that by anthropological and archaeological research.<\/p>\n<p>Consider the Yellowknives, a tribe that once inhabited Canada. It has no present descendants, and for a very good reason: The Dogrib Indians launched a series of massacres against its members, effectively purging them from the planet.<\/p>\n<p>There\u2019s also evidence of plenty of intra-tribal warfare.\u00a0 Between the borderlands of what is now Brazil and Venezuela, the various Yanomami tribes would continually slaughter each other for purposes of status or in order to abduct female members.\u00a0 When Yanomami warred with others, like the Macu, they would enslave the latter\u2019s members.<\/p>\n<p>Studies have found that over a third of Yanomami males died from warfare.<\/p>\n<p>In his <em>War Before Civilization: The Myth of the Peaceful Savage, <\/em>the professor of archaeology Laurence H. Keeley determines that only about <em>13%<\/em> or so of the indigenous population(s) of the New World did <em>not <\/em>partake of warfare <em>annually.\u00a0 <\/em><\/p>\n<p>Some Indian groups observed the practice of collecting human scalps as trophies. The Iroquois would <em>slowly<\/em> torture to death their victims\u2014men, women, and teenage boys\u2014over a period of many days.\u00a0 Torture was a ritual. It was also a communal event, a public spectacle, in which everyone, including the children, participated.\u00a0 If the prisoner of war was a \u201cwarrior,\u201d he was expected to remain stoic during his tribulations and even sing \u201cdeath songs.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Captives were burned, not over a pyre, but by way of hot coals that were applied individually to exposed body parts over an extended tract of time.\u00a0 Additionally, the tortured were stabbed with knives and beaten with sticks and switches.\u00a0 Their fingernails were ripped out and their fingers broken.\u00a0 Children would then yank and twist the broken fingers.\u00a0 Captives were made to consume pieces of their own flesh.<\/p>\n<p>To insure that the ritual lasted for as long as possible, those who lost consciousness while being brutalized were revived with food and water so that their torture could resume. Eventually, they were scalped\u2026<em>alive. <\/em><\/p>\n<p>Those tribes that inhabited the American Northwest would enslave war captives to such an extent that an enduring slave class formed.\u00a0 Slaves were regularly traded and given as gifts.<\/p>\n<p>In South Dakota, over 100 years before Columbus was born, about 60% of the members of a tribe at Crow Creek were murdered.\u00a0 Archaeologists found a mass grave containing the remains of over 500 men, women, and children who had not just been killed, but dismembered and scalped.\u00a0 About 800 dwellings were destroyed, burned to the ground.<\/p>\n<p>Those who survived appear to have been young women who, it is believed, were taken as captives.<\/p>\n<p>Not only is it a great lie that the West introduced violence to a world that had never known it.\u00a0 It is a lie as well that the West made a relatively violent world of indigenous peoples <em>more<\/em> violent. \u00a0The European technology characteristic of modern warfare accounts for why far fewer people died in war throughout the 20<sup>th<\/sup> century than died in \u201cpre-historic\u201d tribal wars.<\/p>\n<p>About <em>60%<\/em> of combatants in the close-quarter conflicts of non-Western, premodern tribal peoples were killed.\u00a0 In glaring contrast, about <em>1%<\/em> of combatants involved in the wars of the 20<sup>th<\/sup> century lost their lives.\u00a0\u00a0 Whether considered in terms of a percentage of total deaths due to war or in terms of average deaths per year from war as a percentage of the overall population, tribal warfare is about 20 times deadlier than the wars of the 20<sup>th<\/sup> century.\u00a0 To put this in perspective, Nicholas Wade, science writer for the <em>New York Times <\/em>and author of <em>Before the Dawn <\/em>wrote: \u201cHad the same casualty rate [as tribal peoples in warfare] been suffered by the population of the twentieth century, its war deaths would have totaled <em>two billion people<\/em>\u201d (emphasis added).<\/p>\n<p>None of these facts are intended to deny, much less justify, those injustices that some American Indians undoubtedly suffered at the hands of some European explorers.<\/p>\n<p>They are, though, meant to undermine guilt-inducing lies regarding Columbus, yes, but, ultimately, Western or European civilization.<\/p>\n<p>Happy Columbus Day!<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Well, it\u2019s Christopher Columbus Day again. And this, of course, means that it is but another occasion for leftists everywhere to repudiate their own civilization. For a few decades now, the 15th century European explorer\u2019s face has been held up as that of Western civilization, i.e. the face of all that is evil in the&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":399,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1748","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Columbus, the West, and the Myth of the Noble Savage<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.beliefnet.com\/columnists\/attheintersectionoffaithandculture\/2017\/10\/columbus-west-myth-noble-savage.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Columbus, the West, and the Myth of the Noble Savage\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Well, it\u2019s Christopher Columbus Day again. 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I teach philosophy at several colleges in the New Jersey and Pennsylvania areas.","sameAs":["http:\/\/www.jackkerwick.com"],"url":"https:\/\/www.beliefnet.com\/columnists\/attheintersectionoffaithandculture\/author\/jkerwick"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beliefnet.com\/columnists\/attheintersectionoffaithandculture\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1748","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beliefnet.com\/columnists\/attheintersectionoffaithandculture\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beliefnet.com\/columnists\/attheintersectionoffaithandculture\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beliefnet.com\/columnists\/attheintersectionoffaithandculture\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/399"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beliefnet.com\/columnists\/attheintersectionoffaithandculture\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1748"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.beliefnet.com\/columnists\/attheintersectionoffaithandculture\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1748\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1749,"href":"https:\/\/www.beliefnet.com\/columnists\/attheintersectionoffaithandculture\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1748\/revisions\/1749"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beliefnet.com\/columnists\/attheintersectionoffaithandculture\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1748"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beliefnet.com\/columnists\/attheintersectionoffaithandculture\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1748"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beliefnet.com\/columnists\/attheintersectionoffaithandculture\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1748"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}